Treatments

Immunosuppressants

What are Immunosuppressants?

Immunosuppressants are medications that reduce immune system activity to help control severe eczema. They're typically used when other treatments haven't provided adequate control.

Long-Term Treatment

Usually prescribed for several months to years, with regular monitoring

Important Safety Warning

Regular blood tests and monitoring are essential while taking immunosuppressants.

These medications can affect your immune system and other organs. Close medical supervision is required to ensure safe and effective treatment.

Cyclosporine

A powerful immunosuppressant that can provide rapid improvement in severe eczema.

  • Quick Acting

    Can show improvement within 2-6 weeks

  • Treatment Duration

    Usually prescribed for 3-6 months, sometimes up to 1 year

Monitoring Required:

Regular blood pressure checks and blood tests to monitor kidney function

Methotrexate

A slower-acting but effective option that can be used for longer-term treatment.

  • Gradual Improvement

    May take 8-12 weeks to see full benefits

  • Weekly Dosing

    Taken once weekly, often with folic acid supplements

Important Note:

Regular blood tests are required to monitor liver function and blood counts

Lifestyle Considerations

Methotrexate Restrictions:

  • No alcohol consumption (can increase risk of liver damage)
  • Avoid pregnancy - both partners need contraception
  • Take folic acid supplements as prescribed
  • Avoid live vaccines

Cyclosporine Considerations:

  • Limit sun exposure and always use high SPF protection
  • Monitor blood pressure regularly
  • Some medications and foods can interact (including grapefruit)
  • Moderate alcohol consumption only
  • Avoid live vaccines

Increased Infection Risk:

Both medications can increase your susceptibility to infections. You should:

  • Avoid close contact with people who have infections
  • Practice good hygiene
  • Report any signs of infection to your doctor immediately
  • Consider wearing a mask in high-risk situations

Side Effect Monitoring:

Be alert for and report any:

  • Unusual bruising or bleeding
  • Persistent sore throat or fever
  • Severe headaches
  • Unexplained nausea or vomiting
  • Yellow skin or eyes
Important Notes

Medical History:

Always inform your doctor about any other medications, medical conditions, or if you're pregnant/planning pregnancy.

  • Attend all scheduled monitoring appointments
  • Report any signs of infection promptly
  • Maintain good sun protection